• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    three-dimensional sheet material and absorbent articles including such material the present invention describes and claims a three-dimensional sheet material and an absorbent article, which uses the sheet material within the article. the three-dimensional sheet material is designed to minimize the contact area on one side of the material, thereby making it useful for various applications, including a top sheet that comes into contact with the body or lining material.
    公开号:BR112014015645B1
    申请号:R112014015645-0
    申请日:2011-12-23
    公开日:2021-02-23
    发明作者:Xueen George Hao；Lin Miao；Chunlei Pu；Tongtong Zhang
    申请人:Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    HISTORIC
    [0001] Absorbent articles, such as diapers, training pants, incontinence products, feminine hygiene products, as well as health care-related products, such as bandages and other wound dressings, have a common goal of absorbing quickly discharged body fluids, such as blood, menstruation, urine and bowel movements. Typically, such products will have a side in contact with the body and a surface that is close to or in contact with the user's skin, some type of absorbent core and a back sheet that will prevent trapped fluids from leaving the product and possibly soiling the surrounding areas. , including the user’s clothes.
    [0002] Therefore, it is desirable, for such products, to capture fluids, pass them to the underlying layers in the product and provide air circulation adjacent to the user's skin, to promote skin well-being. Air circulation allows the skin to dry to prevent skin irritation, such as skin rashes in the case of diapers, training pants and incontinence devices. Air circulation also provides increased comfort by allowing the material in contact with the body, which is often referred to as a top sheet or liner, to stay dry. In addition, comfort and dryness can be further enhanced by minimizing the amount of coating material, which is in direct contact with the skin. This also facilitates a reduction in what is called "rewetting" (rewet), which is the flow of fluid return from the absorbent core over the lining. As these are desirable attributes for such products, countless materials and products have tried to provide these results. For example, U.S. Patent Nos. 5,667,619, 5,667,625 and 5,817,394, to Alikhan et al. , describe a fibrous laminated material, as well as products incorporating the laminate and an apparatus for preparing the laminated material. Two fibrous layers are joined together in a separate spaced bonding pattern comprising compacted bonding regions with fewer strands of fibers bonded together, with substantially circular openings formed in the bonded areas.
    [0003] U.S. Patent No. 7,386,924, to Muth et al., Describes a piercing device for piercing pre-bonded nonwovens having embossing points. Needles from a roller with needles engage the pre-bonded nonwoven and pierce it and the perforated nonwoven undergoes further processing. U.S. Patent No. 6,849,319, to Cree et al., Describes nonwoven composites with openings for use with absorbent articles. The composite top sheet includes a film formed with resilient three-dimensional openings, a non-woven web with small-scale openings and large-scale openings. The film formed is between the absorbent core and the side facing the body. The formed film has a male side and a female side, opposite the male side, and small-scale openings with a mesh count. The non-woven web of fibers is between the formed film and the side facing the body of the absorbent article. Large-scale openings extend through the non-woven web and formed film. Large-scale openings have a mesh count that is less than the mesh count of small-scale openings.
    [0004] U.S. Patent No. 5,997,986, to Turi et al., Describes plastic films with openings, which comprise a stretch thermoplastic polymeric material having a plurality of micro-holes defined by a network of fiber-like elements. The films are produced by directing fluids, spatially water, against the upper surface of a starting film in the form of columnar currents in a contact zone, while the film is supported on a supporting element.
    [0005] EP 0 235 309, for Suzuki et al. , describes a coating for absorbent articles and the associated process for producing it. The coating comprises a non-woven fabric having two layers of different fiber compositions with a first layer, defining a surface to be in contact with the user's skin and having a pattern of openings, and a second layer, defining a back side with respect to the surface and having no openings. In the process, the first layer is formed by subjecting a fibrous web to a treatment with a high-speed water jet on a support bearing elements of formation of openings, forming the second layer by subjecting a fibrous web to the aforementioned treatment. or to a thermal fusion treatment and, simultaneously, combining the first layer integrally with the second layer with each of the aforementioned treatments.
    [0006] U.S. Patent No. 5,895,380, to Turi et al., Describes absorbent products having a permeable cover made of a microperforated fibrillated thermoplastic film. The roof is characterized by having non-perforated regions and perforated regions, the perforated regions having a plurality of micro-holes defined by a network of fiber-like elements, the perforated regions being, at least in part, at elevations that are higher than than non-perforated regions. The perforated regions are compelled to be at higher elevations by methods such as tensioning the cover or by partially adhering the cover to the absorbent body of the product or by combinations thereof. Further improvement of fluid acceptance and distribution properties are said to be achieved by treatment by corona discharge on one side of the film, prior to microperforation, and by treatment of the microperforated film with surfactant.
    [0007] European Patent No. 0 705 932, to James et al., Describes non-woven fabrics having a fibrous bottom portion in one plane and elevated fibrous portions in another plane. There can be two types of raised portions. In one type, the weight of the raised portion is substantially the same as the weight of the bottom portion. In another type of raised portion, the weight is greater than the weight of the bottom portion. The raised portions are joined to the bottom portion by a fibrous transition region. U.S. Patent No. 4,333,979, to Sciaraffa et al., Describes a laminated fibrous web with differentially bonded layers, as well as the method and apparatus for preparing such materials. The process provides a lightweight non-woven web formed from continuous thermoplastic filaments, substantially randomly oriented and bonded in pattern, but additionally embossed under conditions of heat and pressure, resulting in an increased effective thickness, providing softness and volume, while retaining other desirable physical properties, such as strength. The bonding pattern is made up of fused punctually spaced areas in close proximity, while the embossing pattern applied subsequently comprises a crude pattern of much larger overall embossings.
    [0008] U.S. Patent No. 4,761,322, to Raley, describes a laminated fibrous web of differently connected layers, as well as the method and apparatus for preparing such a web. The web is formed by the steps of forming a first fibrous layer of a relatively higher first density and of bonding the fibers of the first fibrous layer to each other in a first relatively higher bond length. A second fibrous layer is formed at a relatively lower second density and asbestos in the second fibrous layer is bonded to each other at a second relatively lower bond length. Next, the first and second fibrous layers are bonded to each other to a relatively lower third extent, when compared to the bonding of the fibers to each other in the first fibrous layer.
    [0009] U.S. Patent No. 6,739,024, to Wagner, describes a method and device for producing a bulky, structured nonwoven web or film. The web is produced by forming an unstructured web and subsequently processing this web using a pair of rollers. The pair of rollers consists of a positive roll, having numerous positive bodies distributed over the rolling surface of the roll, and a negative roll, also having numerous cavities. During the rolling process, the positive bodies engage the cavities and stretch the unstructured weft in the area of the roller hitches, in such a way that a weft structure pulled in deep with numerous cavities is produced. After the web has passed through a gap of rollers, the deformed web, still attached to the positive roll, is brought into contact with a drilling tool and drilled. U.S. Patent No. 3,542,634, to Such et al. , describes a non-woven fabric with openings, differently bonded and embossed. Deformable sheets of fibrous textile material are reformed by passing them through embossed rolls in a pattern of lands and grooves, in such a way that a repetition pattern of three degrees of compression is carried out; high compression, where a land has crossed a land; intermediate compression, where a land has crossed grooves; and little or no compression, where a groove has passed through a groove. The areas affected by the three degrees of compression are discrete areas and spaced apart from each other with a ruptured shape1. The areas of high compression can be connected, for example, by the presence of thermoplastic fibers, which are fused during embossing, or the areas of high compression can be in the form of real openings in the fabric.
    [0010] Although the above are examples of attempts to provide materials with the desired fluid handling properties, there is still a demand for improved materials in this regard. The present invention is directed to a three-dimensional sheet material, which can be used, in this regard, in conjunction with absorbent articles for personal care, including, but not limited to, diapers, training pants, incontinence clothing, hygiene products for women, such as sanitary napkins and linings for underwear, as well as other absorbent products, including bandages and wound dressings. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
    [0011] To reduce the technical problems mentioned above, the present invention provides a three-dimensional sheet material, which has a first layer of material having a top surface, a bottom surface and a thickness. The first layer of material defines a first plane, a second plane and a third plane, which is located between the foreground and the second plane, with at least a portion of the top surface being located on or adjacent to the foreground and at least a portion of the bottom surface being located on or adjacent to the background. The first layer of material has a plurality of first depressions starting at or adjacent to one of the first, second or third planes and which depends on and ending at or adjacent to another of the first, second or third planes, and a plurality of second depressions , which begins on or adjacent to one of the first, second or third planes and which depends towards and ends on or adjacent to another of the first, second or third planes, which is different from the plane, in which the first plurality of depressions ends.
    [0012] If desired, the three-dimensional sheet material can have at least a portion of the plurality of first or second depressions defining openings therein. In addition, at least a portion of the plurality of the first and second depressions forms liquid channels having a generally decreasing dimension, as viewed in the direction from the first plane to the second plane, and ending in openings, to create liquid capillaries , which allow liquid to flow in the direction from the foreground to the background. At least a portion of the plurality of first depressions may be uniformly spaced over at least a portion of the first layer of material. In addition, at least a portion of the plurality of second depressions may be evenly spaced over at least a portion of the first layer of material.
    [0013] The first layer of material can have a weight of between about 8 grams per square meter and about 200 grams per square meter and a thickness between about 0.1 millimeters and about 4 millimeters. The first layer of material can have an overall thickness between the foreground and the background of between about 0.3 millimeters and about 15 millimeters and a greater thickness between the foreground and the third plane of between about 0.05 millimeters and about 12 millimeters. The first layer of material can also be less thick between the third plane and the second plane of between about 0.25 mm and about 8 mm.
    [0014] To minimize the contact area of the three-dimensional sheet material, the surface area of a portion of the top surface of the first layer of material, located in the foreground, on a per unit area basis, should be between about 20 percent and about 70 percent of the total surface area of the same portion of the top surface on a per unit area basis. Desirably, the three-dimensional sheet material is a fibrous nonwoven web.
    [0015] To minimize moisture, it is desirable that the portion of the first layer of material located in the foreground be more hydrophobic than another portion of the first layer of material not located in the foreground.
    [0016] The three-dimensional sheet materials of the present invention can be used in a number of applications, including as one or more layers of an absorbent article for personal care. Such absorbent articles typically include a liquid-permeable top sheet and a back sheet with an absorbent core, located between the top sheet and the back sheet.
    [0017] Depending on the material chosen to prepare the three-dimensional sheet material, it can be used as one or all layers or components of such absorbent articles for personal care. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
    [0018] A complete and enabling description of the present invention is shown more particularly in the rest of the specification, including reference to the attached figures, in which:
    [0019] Figure 1 is a top plan view of a three-dimensional sheet material according to the present invention.
    [0020] Figure 2 is a cross-sectional side view taken along line 2-2 of Figure 1.
    [0021] Figure 3 is a top plan view of another three-dimensional sheet material according to the present invention.
    [0022] Figure 4 is a cross-sectional side view taken along line 4-4 of Figure 3.
    [0023] Figure 5 is a side view of the cross section taken along line 5-5 of Figure 1.
    [0024] Figure 6 is a cross-sectional side view taken along line 6-6 of Figure 1.
    [0025] Figure 7 is a cross-sectional side view taken along line 7-7 of Figure 3.
    [0026] Figure 8 is a cross-sectional side view taken along line 8-8 of Figure 3.
    [0027] Figure 9 is a top plan view removed by cutting an absorbent article, in this case, a product for feminine hygiene, using the three-dimensional sheet material of the present invention as the top sheet or lining on the side of the body.
    [0028] Figures 10A and 10B are photomicrographs of cross sections of the three-dimensional sheet material according to the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
    [0029] Reference will now be made in detail to the present modalities of the invention, one or more examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. Each example is provided by way of explanation of the invention and not a limitation of the invention. In fact, it will be evident that modifications and variations can be made to the present invention without departing from its scope or spirit. For example, features illustrated or described as part of one modality can be used in another modality, to provide yet another modality. In addition, parameters, measures and elements of an example can be used alone or in combination with other parameters, means and elements of other examples of the present invention and can be used independently or in combination to support one or more of the claims appended hereto, describing and claiming embodiments of the present invention. Therefore, it is intended that the present invention covers these and other such modifications and variations as they fall within the scope of the appended claims and their equivalents.
    [0030] Turning to Figures 1, 2, 5 and 6, a top plan view and several side cross-sectional views of a three-dimensional sheet material 10 according to the present invention are shown. The material of the sheet 10 comprises at least one first layer of material 12, which is subjected to embossing and, optionally, to the formation of openings. Such material 12 is any material that is capable of allowing liquids and gases to pass through, which it also refers to as being fluid permeable. In the context of absorbent articles for personal care, material 12 should be able to readily pass through liquids, such as urine and / or menstruation, depending on the particular final application. Such is the case when the final application is a feminine care product, such as a sanitary napkin, underwear liner or other feminine care absorbent article. In addition, in certain cases, it may be desirable for material 12 to be able to pass through portions of more solid type materials, such as sliding bowel movements, when the final application is for products such as diapers, training pants and clothing for incontinence. In addition, material 12 can be used for other applications, in which the transfer of liquids and absorption are necessary as in the case of bandages and other products related to health care.
    [0031] Due to the fact that material 12 is subjected to embossing techniques to form a three-dimensional structure, material 12 must be selected from a material that is capable of retaining a predetermined shape, due to the application of pressure and, optionally, the use of heat. The application of pressure and heat can be achieved by a variety of methods, including the use of embossed embossing rolls, with optional heating and / or cooling, as well as the use of ultrasound. In addition, it is desirable for the material to be soft to the touch, especially when the material is being used as the body contact side of an absorbent article for personal care, which is designed to be used against the skin. Both woven and non-woven fibrous materials are therefore within the scope of the present invention. Due to the need to be adjusted in a three-dimensional format, in some cases, it is also desirable that the material 12 contains at least some material made from a polymeric plastic material and / or other materials that assume an adjustment by pressure and / or heat . Examples of such materials include, but are not limited to, polyolefins, polyesters, poly (vinyl alcohol), polyurethane, nylon and the like. It is also possible to form woven materials and non-woven materials from combinations of various fibers made from variable materials, both natural and synthetic, such as combinations of various polymeric materials and combinations of polymeric fibers and natural fibers, such as cotton and terry wood pulp, an example of the latter being staple coform materials, which are a combination of staple fibers and wood pulp fibers. In addition, it is possible to use materials and wefts that are made from all natural fibers, such as cotton fibers and wood pulp fibers. Other suitable non-woven materials include spunbond materials, meltblown materials, carded bonded weaves of staple fibers, including, but not limited to, air-bonded weaves and chemically carded weaves, air dispersed weaves, spunlace weaves and weaves hydro-tangled. It is also possible to use composite materials, such as multilayer materials, including, but not limited to, laminates of layers of spunbond material and meltblown material.
    [0032] Due to the fact that the materials of the present invention can be used for applications, where permeability and fluids are not critical or that the material has to be permeable only to gas or steam, it is also possible to form the material 12 to from a plastic film, such as a thermoplastic film made from polymeric materials, such as polyolefins and other materials, that can be embossed using heat / or pressure or ultrasound, in order to retain a three-dimensional shape. In addition, such materials can be subjected to the formation of openings, the formation of cracks and other processes, to form fluid transport passages through the film layer, from side to side. When this happens, the film materials made in accordance with the present invention are also suitable for use in previous absorbent personal care articles and other absorbent articles, including bandages and other health care products, such as the contact surface. with the product body.
    [0033] Still further, it is possible to form material 12 from other structures with multiple layers, such as two or more layers of nonwoven or a combination of layers of nonwoven and film. Such multilayered structures can be formed prior to the application of the three-dimensional embossing of the present invention or they can be joined as a result of the three-dimensional embossing process.
    [0034] Turning again to Figures 1, 2, 5 and 6, a first layer of material 12 is shown, which has a top surface 14, a bottom surface 16 and a thickness 18. The first layer of material 12 defines a first plane 20, a second plane 22 and a third plane or intermediate plane 24, located between the first plane 20 and the second plane 22. The first plane 20 is shown drawn adjacent and touching the top surface 14, which is the outer surface of the material 12 on one side, while the second plane 22 is shown drawn adjacent and touching the bottom surface 16, which is the outer surface of the material 12 on the other side. The third plane or the intermediate plane 24 is shown to be drawn adjacent to an intermediate surface of the material 12, located between the two outer surfaces.
    [0035] To provide the three-dimensional shape of the present invention, material 12 is provided with a plurality of first depressions 26, which extend downward from the first plane 20, towards the second plane 22. At least a portion of the first depressions 26 end in or adjacent to the second plane 22. Material 12 also includes a plurality of second depressions 28, which extend downwardly from the first plane 20, towards the second plane 22, with at least a portion of the plurality of second depressions 28 ending in an intermediate way on the first 20 and second 22 planes. As shown in Figure 2, a plurality of second depressions 28 ends at a common depth and therefore defines the third plane or intermediate plane 24, since it ends on or adjacent to the third plane 24. Plane 24 is shown drawn adjacent and touching the bottom of the depressions 28 in Figure 2. Although not shown, it is also contemplated to be within the scope of the present invention to provide yet other planes and other depressions emanating from such plans and ending on or on other planes.
    [0036] In addition to having different depth depressions, it is possible to create openings in the material 12. As shown in Figure 2, at least a portion of the plurality of second depressions 28 is provided with or defines openings 30, which are located in or adjacent to to the intermediate plane 24. Note, however, that it is also possible to provide openings in the first depressions 26. Additionally, it is possible to provide openings in other areas of the material 12, including the land area 19 (not shown). In addition, it is possible to form these openings not only at the bottom of the depressions, but also at the side walls of the depressions (not shown). Still additionally, it is possible to form materials with sizes of common or variable openings in any of the areas, including the first depressions 36, the second depressions 38 and the land areas 19.
    [0037] At least a portion of the depressions (or 26 or 28) can form channels for liquids 32 from one plane to the other. The walls of the depressions can be straight or angled. The flow of liquids from one plane to the other can be facilitated by the formation of openings in each or both depressions and by the formation of depression walls with a generally decreasing dimension from one plane to the other. By decreasing the dimension, a capillary effect is formed, which promotes flow of liquids / fluids from one plane to the other and also resists flow in the opposite direction. As shown in Figure 2, there are channels for liquids 32, which extend from the first plane 20 to the intermediate plane 24, with walls having a generally decreasing dimension from the first plane 20 to the plane intermediate plane 24 .
    [0038] By forming the plurality of the first 26 and second 28 depressions in the material 12, the actual portion of the material 12 remaining in the foreground 20 is reduced, which is desirable when the three-dimensional sheet material 10 according to the present invention , is used as a material in contact with the body in an absorbent article, such as a diaper, diaper pants, training pants, incontinence device or an article for feminine hygiene, such as a sanitary napkin, lining for underwear and the like. From a comfort point of view, minimizing skin contact with the user has several advantages. First, minimizing the body contact surface reduces the amount of abrasive surface in contact with the user. Second, minimizing the surface in contact with the body reduces the amount of material, which can be soiled or moistened, which causes discomfort to the user. When lining materials in absorbent articles are insulted with body fluids, such as urine, menstruation and bowel movements, it is desirable to move as much of the body fluids away from the user's skin as quickly as possible. By supplying and maximizing the number of depressions and / or openings in material 12, the amount of area in contact with the skin that remains in or adjacent to the foreground is minimized. As a result, a global product is provided, which is more pleasant for the user and facilitates the well-being of the skin, since there is less dirty, wet product in contact with the user.
    [0039] The overall thickness 18 of the sheet material 12 will depend on the final application in particular. In the context of absorbent articles for personal care, the three-dimensional sheet material 10 can be used as a part of the lining or layer on the side of the body, such as the backsheet, especially when the sheet material 12 is a film, and in particular, a film without openings. The first layer of material 12 can also be used as one of the intermediate layers of an absorbent article for personal care, including the absorbent core or one or more of the other layers of such products including what is commonly referred to as the surge layer or transfer layer, which is a layer between the absorbent core and the liner on the side of the body or top sheet. In addition, it can be used as an additional layer between the absorbent core and the backing sheet.
    [0040] Therefore, for the embodiment shown in Figures 1, 2, 5 and 6, the three-dimensional sheet material 10 comprises a first layer of material 12 having a top surface 14, a bottom surface 16 and a thickness 18. A first layer of material 12 defines a first plane 10, a second plane 22 and a third plane 24, located between the first plane 20 and the second plane 22. At least a portion of the top surface 14 is located on or adjacent to the first plane 20 and at least a portion of the bottom surface 16 is located on or adjacent to the second plane 22. The first layer of material 12 has a plurality of first depressions 26 depending from the first plane 20 towards the second plane 22. At least a portion of the plurality of first depressions 26 ends at or adjacent to the second plane 22. The first layer of material 12 also has a plurality of second depressions 28 depending on the first plane 20 in the direction to the second plane 22. At least a portion of the plurality of second depressions 28 ends at or adjacent to the third plane 24. All or any of the first depressions 26 or second depressions 28 may have openings, as well as land areas 19.
    [0041] Referring now to Figures 3, 4, 7 and 8 of the drawings, another three-dimensional sheet material 10 according to the present invention is shown. As with the first modality, the same reference numbers are used for and describe the same elements. The main difference is that, in this modality, the plurality of first depressions 26 can be viewed as depending upwards from the third plane or intermediate plane 24, in the direction of the first plane 20, while the plurality of second depressions 28 depends downwards from the intermediate plane 24, in the direction of the second plane 22. Therefore, the words "depends", "depending" and variations thereof can mean or define a direction, either upwards or downwards, from a given plane .
    [0042] Therefore, for the embodiment shown in Figures 3, 4, 7 and 8, the three-dimensional sheet material 10 comprises a first layer of material 12 having a top surface 14, a bottom surface 16 and a thickness 18, with the first layer of material 12 defining a first plane 20, a second plane 22 and a third plane 24, located between the first plane 20 and the second plane 22. At least a portion of the top surface 14 is located on or adjacent to the first plane 20 and at least a portion of the bottom surface 16 is located on or adjacent to the second plane 22. The first layer of material 12 has a plurality of first depressions 26 depending from the third plane 24 towards the first plane 20 and at least at least a portion of the plurality of first depressions 26 ends at or adjacent to the first plane 20. The first layer of material 12 also has a plurality of second depressions 28 depending on the third plane 24 towards the second plane 22 and at least a portion of the plurality of second depressions 28 ends at or adjacent to the second plane. Any and all of the first depressions 26 or the second depressions 28 may have openings, as well as land areas 19.
    Consequently, when viewing the modalities from all the Figures, it can be seen that the three-dimensional sheet material 10 of the present invention can comprise a first layer of material 12 having a top surface 14, a bottom surface 16 and a thickness 18. The first layer of material 12 defines a first plane 20, a second plane 22 and a third plane 24, located between the first plane 20 and the second plane 22. At least a portion of the top surface 14 is located on or adjacent to the first plane 20 and at least a portion of the bottom surface 16 is located on or adjacent to the second plane 22. The first layer of material 12 has a plurality of first depressions 26 starting at or adjacent to one of the first, second 22 or third 24 planes, which depends on and end in or adjacent to another one of the first 20, second 22 or third 24 planes. The first layer of material 12 also has a plurality of second depressions 28 starting at or adjacent to one of the first 20, second 22 or third planes 24, which depends on and ends at or adjacent to another of the first 20, second 22 or third 24 planes, which is different from the plan, in which the first plurality of depressions 26 ends. Any and all of the first depressions or second depressions 28 may have openings, as well as land areas 19.
    [0044] When the three-dimensional sheet material 10 of the present invention is used in absorbent articles for personal care, it will have a thickness 18 between about 0.1 mm and about 4 mm, more desirably, between about 0.3 millimeters and about 2 millimeters and, most desirably, between about 0.5 millimeters and about 1.5 millimeters. For the purposes of the present invention, the word "between", as used throughout the text, means to be inclusive of the end numbers used in the range.
    [0045] Regarding the weight, again the actual weight may vary depending on the final application. In the context of absorbent articles for personal care, the first layer of material 12 will have a weight of between about 8 grams per square meter (g / m2) and about 200 g / m2, more desirably, between about 16 g / m2 m2 and about 100 g / m2 and, most desirably, between about 22 g / m2 and about 50 g / m2. The weight of a nonwoven weave can be determined according to Federal Test Method 5041, Standard No. 191A.
    [0046] Once the three-dimensionality has been given to the sheet material 12, the structure will define an overall thickness 34 between the first plane 20 and the second plane 22 of between about 0.3 millimeter and about 15 millimeters, more desirably , between about 1 millimeter and about 7 millimeters and, most desirably, between about 1.5 millimeters and about 5 millimeters.
    [0047] The structure will also define a greater thickness 36 between the first plane 20 and the intermediate plane / third plane 24 of between about 0.05 mm and about 12 mm, more desirably, between about 0.15 mm and about 5 millimeters and, most desirably, between about 0.25 millimeters and about 4 millimeters.
    [0048] As between the intermediate plane / third plane 24 and the second plane 22, the structure will define a thickness less than 37 between about 0.25 mm and about 8 mm, more desirably, between about 0.85 mm and about of 6 millimeters, and, most desirably, between about 1.25 millimeters and about 3 millimeters.
    [0049] The plurality of first depressions 26, shown in Figures 1, 2, 5 and 6, defines a first depth of depression 38 between the foreground 20 and the internal surface ("internal" meaning the surface closest to the previously referenced plane ) of the first depressions. For the modality shown in Figures 3, 4, 7 and 8, the first depression depth 38 is defined between the intermediate or third plane 24 and the inner surface of the first depressions 26 adjacent to the first plane 20. The first depression depth 38 it will have a range of between about 0.2 millimeters and about 8 millimeters, more desirably, between about 0.6 millimeters and about 4 millimeters, and, most desirably, between about 1 millimeter and about 3 millimeters.
    [0050] The plurality of second depressions 28, shown in Figures 1, 2, 5 and 6, defines a second depth of depression 40 between the first plane 20 and the intermediate plane 24. For the modality shown in Figures 3, 4, 7 and 8, the second depression depth 40 is measured between the open top and bottom ends of the depressions 28 and the value includes the thickness 18 of the first layer of material 12, adjacent to the intermediate or third plane 24. The second depth of depression 40 will have a range between about 0.15mm and about 6mm, more desirably between about 0.45mm and about 3mm, and, most desirably, between about 0.75mm and about 2.25 mm.
    [0051] Note that the first depression depth 38 does not include the thickness 18 of the sheet material 12 at the bottom of the first depressions 26. As for the second depression depth 40, due to the fact that the second depressions have openings, the second depression depth 40 is measured to the point at which the open depressions end, whereas, if the second depressions had no openings, the depth of depression would be measured to the same point as described above, with respect to the first depressions 26, that is that is, to the inner surface of the depression 28.
    [0052] In addition to the thicknesses and depths of the three-dimensional sheet material 10 described above, the opening measures of the first and second depressions 26 and 28 can also be measured. The first depressions 26, if they have non-parallel side walls, will have a first opening size 46, adjacent to the first plane 20, and a second opening size 48, adjacent to the bottom of the first depressions 26 adjacent to the intermediate plane 24. Both opening sizes (as with the second depressions 28) are measured along the longest axis of the openings (the longest straight line, which can be drawn between two edges of the opening in general parallel to the plane closest to the respective opening). If the sides of the openings are generally parallel, the upper and lower opening dimensions will be substantially similar. The same is also true for the second depressions 28 in both Figures 2 and 4. They will have a third opening size 42 adjacent to the first plane 20 and a fourth opening size 44 adjacent to the third plane 24.
    [0053] The first aperture size 46 can have a larger axis dimension of between about 2 millimeters and about 30 millimeters, more desirably between about 2.5 millimeters and 25 millimeters, and, most desirably, between about 3mm and about 20mm. The second aperture size 48 can have a larger axis dimension of between about 1 millimeter and about 29 millimeters, more desirably, between about 1.5 millimeters and about 24 millimeters, and, most desirably, between about 2 millimeters and about 19 millimeters.
    [0054] The third opening size 42 of the second depressions 28 may have a larger axis dimension of between about 0.2 millimeters and about 10 millimeters, more desirably, between about 0.3 millimeters and about 5 millimeters, and, most desirably, between about 0.4 millimeters and about 3 millimeters. The fourth opening size 44 of the second depressions 28 may have a larger axis dimension of between about 0.1 millimeter and about 9.9 millimeters, more desirably, between about 0.2 millimeters and about 4.9 millimeters , and, most desirably, about 0.3 millimeters and about 2.9 millimeters.
    [0055] When the bottoms of the first and second depressions 26 and 28 have openings, the opening sizes can be equal to or smaller than the respective second opening size 42 and fourth opening size 44. The openings, either in the depressions 26 , 28, whether in land areas 19 (not shown), can be any size suitable for the intended application. For fluids with lower viscosities, such as urine, the openings may be smaller in size, while for fluids with higher viscosities, such as menstruation and sliding bowel movements, it is generally desired that the opening sizes be larger. . The opening sizes can be between about 0.1 millimeters and about 30 millimeters, more desirably, between about 0.2 millimeters and about 25 millimeters, and, most desirably, between about 0.3 millimeters and about of 20 millimeters.
    [0056] The shape of the depressions 26 and 28 can be any format suitable for the final application in particular. In Figure 1 of the drawings, the plurality of first depressions 26 is shown to be hexagonal in shape and the plurality of second depressions 28 is shown to be round. In Figure 3 of the drawings, the first plurality of depressions 26 is shown to be more elliptical in shape with bulbous ends, otherwise known as "dog bone", while the second plurality of depressions 28 is shown again as being round or circular. Other formats can also be used, including, but not limited to, square, rectangular, triangular, polygonal, oval, elliptical, star-shaped, as more decorative designs, such as flowers, animals, etc., as well as combinations of the formats previous and other formats.
    [0057] Note, too, that although the deepest portions of the depressions shown in the drawings are flat or substantially flat, it is also possible to also have other shaped surfaces. For example, the deepest portions of the depressions can be rounded and such rounding can be concave or convex (not shown).
    [0058] The spacing of depressions 26 and 28 between them or one in relation to the other can be varied depending on the particular final application and can be random or uniform. A uniform pattern can be defined as being one that is discernible to the human eye, either with or without amplification. Uniformity will be exemplified by having a common dimension or spacing between depressions. For example, if there is a common center-to-center spacing or edge-to-edge spacing between depressions, which exists in at least 20% of a selected area of material 12, then the material can be defined as being "uniform". In Figures 1 and 3, the spacing of both the plurality of first depressions 26 and the plurality of second depressions 28 are uniform.
    [0059] As for the modality of the three-dimensional sheet material 10, in the examples with the embossing pattern corresponding to that shown in Figure 3, each of the depressions 26 of "dog bone" has an overall length, along if its major axes, approximately 10.36 millimeters and a width at the widest portion of the dog bone ends of approximately 3.3 millimeters. The end-to-end spacing between the dog bone depressions, which lie along a longitudinal line, which lines up with the longitudinal centerlines of the dog bone depressions, is approximately 4.3 millimeters. As for the offset parallel lines of the dog bone depressions, the spacing is approximately 4.75mm, as measured from the longitudinal centerline to the longitudinal centerline of the dog bone depressions in one line and another .
    [0060] Once the three-dimensional sheet material 10 has been given its three-dimensional shape, it may be desirable to make the remaining portion of the top surface 14, of the first layer of material 12, located on or adjacent to the foreground 20, more hydrophobic than the rest of the three-dimensional sheet material 10. The advantage of this is that when sheet material 10 is used, for example, as a body-side lining material, in an absorbent article, such as a diaper or product for feminine hygiene, the portion of the leaf material most adjacent to the wearer's skin will tend to resist being wet. As a result, exudations from the body such as urine, menstruation, blood and intestinal movements will tend to move out of this area and seep down into depressed areas and openings, thus keeping the user's skin drier, more comfortable and less likely to become irritated. If the first layer of material 12 is naturally hydrophobic, then no treatment is necessary, although it may be desirable to make other portions of the first layer of material 12 more hydrophilic. Conversely, if the first layer of material 12 is hydrophilic, it may be desirable to treat the areas of the top surface 14 in or adjacent to the foreground 20 with a hydrophobic treatment. Both hydrophilic and hydrophobic treatments for materials used in absorbent articles for personal care are well known. An example of hydrophilic treatment includes, but is not limited to, a hydrophilic spin finish called THL-PP-2028 (which is manufactured and sold by (Changzhou) Lingda Chemical Co., Ltd., of Jiangsu, China. An example of hydrophobic treatment includes, but is not limited to, hydrophobic fiber lubricants designated THL-2508A manufactured and sold by (Changzhou) Lingda Chemical Co., Ltd. of Jiangsu, China. The word "hydrophilic (a)" is used to refer to a material having a water-to-air contact angle of less than 90 degrees The word "hydrophobic (a)" refers to a material having a water-to-air contact angle of at least 90 degrees. Measurements of contact angles can be determined as shown in Robert J. Good and Robert J. Stromberg, Ed., In "Surface and Colloid Science-Experimental Methods", Vol. 11, (Plenum Press, 1979), which is here incorporated by reference, in a manner that is consistent with the present invention.
    [0061] The first layer of material 12 has a total surface area, but due to embossing, only a portion of the total surface area of the top surface 14 resides in or adjacent to the foreground plane 20. To minimize the portion of the top surface 14 in contact with the user's skin, especially when three-dimensional sheet material 10 is employed as the body-side or top sheet of an absorbent article, it will be desirable that the surface area of a portion of the surface of top 14, of the first layer of material 12, located in the foreground 20, on a basis per unit area, is between about 20 percent and about 70 percent of the total surface area of the same portion of the surface of top 14, on a per unit area basis, most desirably between about 30 percent and about 50 percent, and most desirably between about 30 percent and about 40 percent. Therefore, as with any of the parameters shown here, if any portion of the three-dimensional sheet material 10 has a portion that satisfies this parameter, it is considered to be within the scope of the present invention.
    [0062] To form the three-dimensional sheet material of the present invention, conventional male and female embossing rolls can be used. For example, to prepare the three-dimensional sheet material 10 of Figures 1 and 3, a male embossing roll can be formed with protrusions mimicking the cross section pattern of both the first depressions 26 and the second depressions 28. These, in turn, they can marry a female embossing roll, which has formed the pattern of wedding recesses on the male roll. In addition, if openings are to be made, the protrusions to make the second depressions in the male roll can be adjusted with perforation points, which fit into the wedding holes in the female embossing roll, so that when the first layer of material 12 is forced between the two wedding rolls, the three-dimensional shape will be formed and the sharp perforation points will pierce material 12 as the perforation points protrude into the receiving holes in the female roller.
    [0063] As stated at the beginning, the three-dimensional shape fixed on material 12 may be due only to mechanical pressure. Alternatively, each or both of the male and female embossing rolls can be heated and / or cooled to facilitate the formation and fixation of the three-dimensional shape. Additionally, ultrasonic equipment using horns and anvils can be used to provide the desired embossing pattern.
    [0064] If it is desired to coat the top surface 14 of the material 12, to make it more hydrophobic, a coating roll or other similar equipment can be placed adjacent to the female embossing roll just downstream of the male roll, to apply a coating of desired hydrophobic or hydrophilic material to the top surface 14 of the material 12. In addition to preparing embossing rolls, in which one roll is strictly a male roll and the other is exclusively a female roll, it is also possible to form interlock rolls wedding, in which male and female portions are formed on both rolls. For example, with reference to the modality shown in Figure 3, one roll may be formed with male projections corresponding to the formation of the first depressions 26, and the other ipo may have male projections corresponding to the formation of the second depressions 28 and the opening 30, with each one of the rolls having in it the female portions of marriage and corresponding projections.
    [0065] Three-dimensional sheet material 10 can be used in a wide variety of applications, including, but not limited to, absorbent articles and, in particular, absorbent articles for personal care, designed to be used against or around the body , to absorb exudations from the body. Turning to Figure 9 of the drawings, an exemplary absorbent article 60 is shown, in this case, a hygienic absorbent, which employs the three-dimensional sheet material 10 as the liquid-permeable top sheet 62. Article 60 also includes a back sheet liquid impervious 64, which is typically attached to the top sheet 62, either directly or indirectly, and an absorbent core 66 is disposed between the top sheet 62 and the back sheet 64. Optionally, article 60 may include other layers, such as such as what is called a surge layer, transfer layer or spacer layer 68, located between the absorbent core and the top sheet 62. Although three-dimensional sheet material 10 is shown to be used for top sheet 62, it can be used for any of the other layers, including, but not limited to, the surge layer 68, the absorbent core 66 and the backsheet 64. Test Methods
    [0066] The measurements for the parameters shown here, including the overall thickness 34, the upper thickness 36, the lower thickness 37, the first depression depth 38, the second depression depth 40, the first opening size 46, the second aperture size 48, third aperture size 42, fourth aperture size 42, thickness 18 and aperture size measurements can be determined for samples of representative materials using optical microscopy techniques, as shown here.
    [0067] Images of the materials were taken in a cross-sectional view similar to that of line 2-2 in Figure 1 and line 4-4 in Figure 3 of the drawings, for sample materials. (Note, however, that other sections can be taken to accommodate measurements of other desired parameters). To accomplish this, an initial sample of the material to be tested was cut to a dimension ■. approximately 35 millimeters x 35 millimeters. Using forceps, the sample was then immersed for 30 (thirty) seconds in liquid nitrogen to freeze and harden the sample before cutting. Then, using a single-edge scalpel coated with Extra-Keen Teflon®, available from Electron Microscopy-Sciences Inc. (Part No. 71971), a specimen was cut from the sample, while viewing the sample through a Leica Wild Model 10 stereo microscope at 10x magnification to ensure accurate slide positioning. The specimen cut from the sample was 25 millimeters long by 5 millimeters wide. The specimen was cut to be visualized and photographed along the lines mentioned above in Figures 1 and 3, so that the cross section and the thickness of the material could be visualized and measured. The microscope's field of view was 1.0 cm wide by 1.25 cm long. (Other comparable scalpels and stereo microscopes can be used to perform the above tasks).
    [0068] The specimen was then attached to a small piece of standard matte black construction paper. A piece of construction paper has been cut to a size longer than the specimen's length (in this case, approximately 30 millimeters) and a width, which is greater than the specimen's width (in this case, approximately 25 millimeters) ). Clear double-sided adhesive tape was then applied to one side of the construction paper and the specimen was laid over the construction paper with as little pressure as possible and superimposing a long edge of the adhesive tape, such that the long dimension of the specimen (25 millimeters) was parallel to the length of the construction paper (the length of 30 millimeters) and such that a small portion (at least one to two millimeters) of the 5 millimeter width of the specimen was extending beyond the edge of the tape adhesive and construction paper. Therefore, one side of the specimen was fixedly attached to the construction paper. This exposed edge was, finally, the edge, from which the photomicrograph was taken, so that the thickness and cross-sectional shape of the specimen could be visualized.
    [0069] The other side of the assembly with construction paper not containing the specimen was then adhesively fixed, in an upright position, to a mounting block with any glossy surfaces of the assembly being covered with additional black matte construction paper , to reduce glare. As a result, the exposed, non-overlapping edge of the specimen was available to be photographed to view the thickness and cross-sectional shape of the material.
    [0070] The vertically mounted and extending specimen was then placed on a horizontal work surface and the specimen was illuminated from above, at a smooth angle from the vertical, using a suitable light source (in this case , a Volpi Model NCL 150 fiber optic lamp with a 150 Watt bulb available from Volpi USA, Auburn, NY, USA). The angle of the light source has been adjusted to minimize glare. The images were then taken from a vertical suspended position using a Leica M420 zoom photo-stereomicroscope, available from Leica Microsystems GmbH, Wetzlar, Germany, at 3.6x optical magnification and at a distance of approximately 16 centimeters from the top of the exposed edge of the specimen, in order to capture the thickness and the cross section of the three-dimensional material. The photo-stereo-microscope was mounted perpendicular to the work surface.
    [0071] Images from the photo-stereo-microscope were then captured using a Sony DXC-390 HD video camera equipped with a 1/3 inch (diagonal measurement) CCD chip, available from Sony Electronics, Inc., New York, New York, and these images were then sent to, viewed and measurements were taken using a Boeckeler Model VIA-100 video measurement system, available from Boeckeler Instruments, Tnc. , from Tucson, Arizona. The Boeckeler equipment was connected to the Sony video camera and the images from the Boeckeler equipment were viewed on a standard computer video monitor using standard video connection cables. Boeckeler's equipment was operated in accordance with its operating manual. Image lines were imposed to replicate the plans 20, 22 and 24 described and shown in the present specification and drawings, using the Boeckeler equipment. Other measurements relating to other parameters of the present invention can be carried out in a similar manner.
    [0072] Before taking any measurements, a standard image calibration was performed using an optical stage micrometer suitable for use with optical microscopes. In this case, a Model S22 optical stage micrometer (2 mm / 10 micrometer increments) available from Pyser-SGI Ltd., of Edenbridge, Kent, United Kingdom, was used for calibration purposes. Image lines were then placed in the specimen images and the lines could be positioned with an accuracy of 0.016 mm (16 micrometers). The positions of the respective planes in an image were determined by visual assessment and measurement lines were placed accordingly. The lines were placed in accordance with the Boeckeler operations manual.
    [0073] Distance measurements for the specimen were taken between planes 20 and 24 and planes 24 and 22, as shown in Figures 2 and 4 of the drawings, which are represented in Figures 10A and 10B. Measurements were collected from four separately assembled specimens taken from four separate samples of the material being tested. The four measurements were recorded and then an average was extracted and the four measurements and the average were reported in millimeters. EXAMPLES
    [0074] To illustrate the present invention, a series of sample materials have been prepared as shown in greater detail below. In addition, sample products, in this case, sanitary napkins, were made with the three-dimensional sheet material 10 used as the body side lining, the surge layer and the absorbent core. Example 1
    [0075] Two sample materials were prepared according to the present invention, one with the embossing and opening formation pattern of Figure 1, and a second with the embossing and opening pattern of Figure 3 of the drawings. Both samples used the same first layer of material 12, which was a 24 g / m2 air-bonded weave manufactured by Beijing Dayuan Nonwoven Fabric Co., Ltd., of Beijing, China. The carded weave, called FW540, was made from bicomponent fibers with a 2-denier, 38 mm polyethylene / polyester core wrap, designated by the manufacturer as IWET2 / 38aaA fibers.
    [0076] Measurements of the upper thickness 36 were made for the samples and reported in millimeters. For the sample with the embossing design according to Figure 1, the upper thickness values were 0.410; 0.410; 0.492 and 0.475 mm for an average of 0.447 mm. For the sample with the embossing design according to Figure 3, the upper thickness values were 1,148; 1,098; 1,000 and 0.984 mm for an average of 1.058 mm.
    [0077] Measurements were also made of the lower thickness 37 for the samples and reported in millimeters. For the sample with the embossing design according to Figure 1, the lower thickness values were 0.836; 0.705; 0.574 and 0.721 mm for an average of 0.709 mm. For the sample with the embossing design according to Figure 3, the lower thickness values were 0.311; 0.393; 0.410 and 0.279 mm for an average of 0.348 mm.
    [0078] The three-dimensional sheet materials thus prepared are suitable for multiple applications, including both a top sheet material 62 and a burst layer 68, in an absorbent article 60, as described above. Example 2
    [0079] Two sample materials were prepared according to the present invention, one with the embossing and opening formation pattern of Figure 1, and a second with the embossing and opening pattern of Figure 3 of the drawings. Both samples used the same first layer of material 12, which was a 22 g / m2 air-bonded weave manufactured by Beijing Dayuan Nonwoven Fabric Co., Ltd., of Beijing, China, under the trade name BW020. The carded weave was made from concentric bicomponent staple fibers with polyethylene wrap, polypropylene core, having a denier of 2 and a 38mm discontinuous length.
    [0080] Measurements of the upper thickness 36 were made for the samples and reported in millimeters. For the sample with the embossing design according to Figure 1, the upper thickness values were 0.525; 0.459; 0.492 and 0.508 mm for an average of 0.496 mm. For the sample with the embossing design according to Figure 3, the upper thickness values were 0.623; 0.803; 0.721 and 0.689 mm for an average of 0.709 mm.
    [0081] Measurements were also made of the lower thickness 37 for the samples and reported in millimeters. For the sample with the embossing design according to Figure 1, the lower thickness values were 0.262; 0.295; 0.180 and 0.393 mm for an average of 0.283 mm. For the sample with the embossing design according to Figure 3, the lower thickness values were 0.607; 0.492; 0.328 and 0.377 mm for an average of 0.451 mm.
    [0082] The three-dimensional sheet materials thus prepared are suitable for multiple applications, including both a top sheet material 62 and a burst layer 68, in an absorbent article 60, as described above. Example 3
    [0083] Two sample materials were prepared according to the present invention, one with the embossing and opening formation pattern of Figure 1, and a second with the embossing and opening pattern of Figure 3 of the drawings. Both samples used the same first layer of material 12, which was a 60 g / m2 air-dispersed nonwoven fabric, manufactured by Fiberweb (China) Airlaid Company Limited, of Tianjin, China. It was a combination of 70% by weight of cellulosic fibers, 20% by weight of two-component polyolefin staple fibers and 10% by weight of latex.
    [0084] Measurements of the upper thickness 36 were made for the samples and reported in millimeters. For the sample with the embossing design according to Figure 1, the upper thickness values were 1.082; 1,016; 0.902 and 0.836 mm for an average of 0.959 mm. For the sample with the embossing design according to Figure 3, the upper thickness values were 1.295; 1,443; 1,508 and 1,574 mm for an average of 1,455 mm.
    [0085] Measurements were also made of the lower thickness 37 for the samples and reported in millimeters. For the sample with the embossing design according to Figure 1, the lower thickness values were 0.279; 0.492; 0.262 and 0.295 mm for an average of 0.332 mm. For the sample with the embossing design according to Figure 3, the lower thickness values were 0.639; 0.541; 0.475 and 0.443 mm for an average of 0.525 mm.
    [0086] The three-dimensional sheet materials thus prepared are suitable for multiple applications, including an absorbent article 60, as described above, especially in the context of an absorbent core 66. Example 4
    [0087] Two sample materials were prepared according to the present invention, one with the embossing and opening formation pattern of Figure 1, and a second with the embossing and opening pattern of Figure 3 of the drawings. Both samples used the same first layer of material 12, which was a 100 g / m2 hydro-matted 100% cotton fiber fabric, manufactured by Unitika Ltd., Osaka, Japan, and available under the trade name C30-70- # 25.
    [0088] The three-dimensional sheet materials thus prepared are suitable for multiple applications, including an absorbent article 60, as described above, especially in the context of an absorbent core 66.
    [0089] Those skilled in the art will recognize that the present invention is capable of many modifications and variations without departing from its scope. Consequently, the detailed description and examples shown above are intended to be illustrative only and are not intended to limit, in any way, the scope of the invention shown in the appended claims.
    权利要求:
    Claims (15)
    [0001]
    1. Three-dimensional sheet material (10), characterized by comprising a first layer of material (12) having a top surface (14), a bottom surface (16) and a thickness (18), the first layer of material defining a first plane (20), a second plane (22) and a third plane (24), located between the first plane and the second plane, with at least a portion of the top surface being located in, or adjacent to, the foreground and at least a portion of the bottom surface being located on, or adjacent to, the second plane, the first layer of material having a plurality of first depressions (26) starting at, or adjacent to, one of the first, second or third planes and which depends on, and ends in, or adjacent to, another of the first, second or third planes, and the first layer of material having a plurality of second depressions (28) starting at, or adjacent to, one of the first, second or third plans and that depends on di a, and ends at, or adjacent to, other of the first, second, or third planes, which is different from the plane, in which the first plurality of depressions ends with at least a portion of the plurality of first and second depressions defining openings (30 ) in them, and with the first layer of material being a fibrous nonwoven web.
    [0002]
    2. Three-dimensional sheet material according to claim 1, characterized by the fact that at least a portion of the plurality of first or second depressions forms channels for liquids (32), having a generally decreasing dimension as viewed in the direction from from the first plane towards the second plane, and that ends in openings to create capillaries for liquids, which allow flow of liquid in the direction from the foreground towards the second plane.
    [0003]
    Three-dimensional sheet material according to either of Claims 1 or 2, characterized in that at least a portion of the plurality of first depressions is evenly spaced over at least a portion of the first layer of material.
    [0004]
    4. Three-dimensional sheet material according to claim 3, characterized by the fact that at least a portion of the plurality of second depressions are evenly spaced over at least a portion of the first layer of material.
    [0005]
    5. Three-dimensional sheet material according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized by the fact that the first layer of material has a weight of between 8 grams per square meter and 200 grams per square meter.
    [0006]
    6. Three-dimensional sheet material according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized by the fact that the first layer of material has a thickness of between 0.1 mm and 4 mm.
    [0007]
    7. Three-dimensional sheet material according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized by the fact that the first layer of material has an overall thickness (34), between the foreground and the second plane, of between 0.3 mm and 15 millimeters.
    [0008]
    8. Three-dimensional sheet material according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized by the fact that the first layer of material has a greater thickness (36), between the foreground and the third plane, of between 0.05 mm and 12 millimeters.
    [0009]
    9. Three-dimensional sheet material according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized by the fact that the first layer of material has a lower thickness (37), between the third plane and the second plane, between 0.25 mm and 8 millimeters.
    [0010]
    10. Three-dimensional sheet material according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized by the fact that the first layer of material defines a total surface area and that the top surface portion of the first layer of material, located in the foreground, is between 20 percent and 70 percent of the total surface area of the first layer of material.
    [0011]
    11. Three-dimensional sheet material according to any one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the portion of the first layer of material, located in the foreground, is more hydrophobic than another portion of the first layer of material, not located in the foreground.
    [0012]
    12. Absorbent article (60), characterized by the fact that it comprises a liquid-permeable top sheet (62) and a back sheet (64) with an absorbent core (66), located between the top sheet and the back sheet, being that the top sheet comprises the three-dimensional sheet material as defined in any one of claims 1 to 11.
    [0013]
    13. Absorbent article for personal care, characterized by including the three-dimensional sheet material as defined in any one of claims 1 to 11.
    [0014]
    14. Absorbent article for personal care, according to claim 13, characterized by the fact that it is a diaper.
    [0015]
    15. Absorbent article for personal care, according to claim 13, characterized by the fact that it is a product for feminine hygiene.
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    CN104010806B|2017-03-22|
    AU2016204430B2|2018-01-04|
    GB2515905B|2018-11-21|
    MX364995B|2019-05-16|
    AU2011384388B2|2016-04-14|
    WO2013091150A1|2013-06-27|
    AU2016204430A1|2016-07-21|
    GB2515905A|2015-01-07|
    US20160175172A1|2016-06-23|
    AU2011384388A1|2014-06-19|
    MX2014007389A|2014-09-12|
    GB201410166D0|2014-07-23|
    CN104010806A|2014-08-27|
    KR102082289B1|2020-02-27|
    US10376429B2|2019-08-13|
    KR20140107272A|2014-09-04|
    US20140336608A1|2014-11-13|
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    法律状态:
    2019-09-10| B06U| Preliminary requirement: requests with searches performed by other patent offices: suspension of the patent application procedure|
    2020-06-09| B06A| Notification to applicant to reply to the report for non-patentability or inadequacy of the application according art. 36 industrial patent law|
    2021-01-05| B09A| Decision: intention to grant|
    2021-02-23| B16A| Patent or certificate of addition of invention granted|Free format text: PRAZO DE VALIDADE: 20 (VINTE) ANOS CONTADOS A PARTIR DE 23/12/2011, OBSERVADAS AS CONDICOES LEGAIS. |
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    PCT/CN2011/002177|WO2013091150A1|2011-12-23|2011-12-23|Three-dimensional sheet material and absorbent articles including such material|
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